Theoretical and Practical Research in Business Fields (TPRBF) is a leading academic journal published by the Indonesia Academia Research Society. The journal aims to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical applications in various aspects of business, management, economics, and related fields. By focusing on theoretical frameworks and real-world case studies, it seeks to provide a platform for disseminating high-quality research that contributes to advancing knowledge in business disciplines. The journal attracts contributions from scholars, researchers, and practitioners worldwide, fostering interdisciplinary dialogue and promoting innovative ideas shaping business practices' future. The publication reflects the rapidly evolving business landscape, emphasizing the dynamic relationship between theory and practice. In line with the needs of global business environments, the journal encourages research that is not only academically rigorous but also relevant and applicable to the challenges faced by businesses in diverse industries. It provides a comprehensive overview of the current trends, issues, and solutions that impact both theoretical and practical aspects of the business world. Scope of the Journal Theoretical and Practical Research in Business Fields covers a wide range of topics related to the business world. Its scope includes, but is not limited to, the following areas: Business and Management: Research related to strategic management, entrepreneurship, human resources, marketing, operations management, organizational behavior, and leadership. Economics and Finance: Studies focusing on macroeconomic and microeconomic theories, economic development, monetary economics, natural resource economics, risk and insurance, financial management, corporate finance, investment strategies, and international trade. Innovation and Technology: Investigations into the role of technology, digital transformation, and innovation in business operations and strategies, including the impact of artificial intelligence, automation, and big data. Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability: Papers exploring ethical business practices, sustainability, corporate governance, and the social responsibilities of businesses in a global context. International Business: Research addressing global business practices, cross-cultural management, international marketing, global supply chain management, and international finance. Business Law and Ethics: Theoretical and applied research on business law, regulations, and ethical issues that affect decision-making and organizational behavior. Business Education and Development: Studies that examine business education models, professional development, and training programs that enhance skills for the modern business environment. The journal aims to publish cutting-edge research that provides both theoretical insights and practical applications. It welcomes original articles, empirical studies, reviews, and case studies that contribute to the broader understanding of business operations, strategies, and challenges across different regions and sectors.