Evaluating Spider Web Pavement versus Conventional Pavement for Sustainable Road Infrastructure

Abstract

Road pavement is a critical component of transportation infrastructure that supports mobility, economic growth, and regional development. However, conventional pavement systems often experience performance limitations such as cracking, rutting, and differential settlement, particularly when constructed on weak or soft subgrade soils. This study aims to compare the Spider Web Pavement method, also known as the slab-on-pile system, with conventional pavement systems in terms of structural performance, technical characteristics, and economic efficiency. The research adopts a descriptive–comparative approach, using a literature-based methodology to analyze secondary data from journals, technical guidelines, and previous studies. Key parameters evaluated include load distribution mechanisms, pavement thickness, settlement resistance, construction complexity, initial costs, and long-term maintenance requirements. The results indicate that the Spider Web Pavement method provides superior structural performance by distributing loads more effectively to deeper soil layers, thereby significantly reducing differential settlement and surface deflection, especially on weak subgrades. In contrast, conventional pavement systems offer simpler construction processes, shorter implementation time, and lower initial costs, making them suitable for stable soil conditions. Economically, although the Spider Web Pavement requires a higher initial investment, it demonstrates greater long-term cost efficiency due to its extended service life and reduced maintenance needs. In conclusion, selecting an appropriate pavement system should be based on a comprehensive assessment of subgrade conditions, traffic loads, construction feasibility, and life-cycle costs to achieve optimal, sustainable pavement performance.